Past perfect tense কাকে বলে উদাহরণ সহ গঠন প্রনালী

৩. Past perfect tense: অতীত কালে সংঘটিত দুটি কাজের মধ্যে পূর্বে সংঘটিত কাজটির verb-এর past perfect tense হয় এবং পরে সংঘটিত কাজটির verb-এর past indefinite tense হয়।

গঠন প্রণালি: Subject-এর পর had বসে এবং মূল verb-এর past participle form ব্যবহূত হয়।

বাংলায় চেনার উপায়: বাংলায় ক্রিয়ার শেষে ছিল, ছিলাম, ছিলে, ছিলেন, ল, লাম, লে, লেন, তাম, তে, অথবা, তেন, ইত্যাদি থাকলে সাধারণত past tense হয়ে থাকে। 

Example:

o   
The train had left before I ate - আমি খাওয়ার আগেই ট্রেন ছেড়ে দিয়েছিল।

o   
He had come home before I went to school - আমি স্কুলে যাওয়ার পূর্বেই সে বাড়ি এসেছিল।

o   
The students had left the class before the bell rang - ঘন্টা পরার পূর্বেই ছাত্রছাত্রীরা ক্লাস ত্যাগ করেছিল।

Structure of the sentence: auxiliary
verb ‘had,’ and past participle form of the verb is used as the main verb.

Positive sentence:

Structure 1:

Subject + had + past participle form
of the verb + object.

Structure 2:

1st Subject + had + past participle
form of the verb + object (if any) + before + 2nd subject + past form of the
verb + 2nd object

Structure 3:

2nd subject + past form of the verb +
2nd object (if any)+ after+1st Subject + had + past participle form of the
verb   

Example:

o   
He had done this assignment last week. (1st structure)

o   
The students had stood up before the teacher came.

o   
The patient died after the doctor had come.

Negative sentence:

Subject + had not + past participle
form of verb + object.

Example:

o   
I had not watched the movie.

o   
He had not reached the station.

o   
They had not told me anything before the viva started.

Interrogative sentence:

Yes/no sentence: Had + subject + past
participle form of the verb + object +?

‘Wh’ question: Wh-word + had + past
participle form of the verb + object +?

Example:

o   
Had you finished the work before his presentation?

o   
Had he caught the cat before she drank the milk?

o   
Why had you broken the glass?

o   
What had you done before I came home?