Compound থেকে Simple এ পরিবর্তন করার নিয়ম

A compound sentence is characterized by
at least two independent clauses which can be used as separate sentences and
are connected with coordinating conjunctions.

একটি compound sentence এ কমপক্ষে দুটি
independent clause থাকে যারা পৃথক
sentence হিসেবে ব্যবহৃত হতে পারে এবং  coordinating conjunction দিয়ে  যুক্ত থাকে ।

Such as: Listening to music and singing
songs are my hobbies.

On the other hand, a simple sentence is
characterized by only one independent

clause and no dependent clause.

Such as: Listening to music is my hobby.

The rules for transforming compound
sentence to simple sentence are discussed below.

Compound sentence কে
simple sentence এ রূপান্তরিত করার নিয়ম নীচে বর্ণিত হলো ।

Rule 1:

If the compound sentence is stating that
a person is doing two things one after another and join them with a
conjunction-“and”; then while transforming it into simple, “ing” will be added
to the first verb; thus the first clause will be shortened and tense will be
same as the second clause.

যদি compound sentence এ বোঝানো হয় যে কেউ দুটো কাজ করছে, একটি আগে ও আরেকটি পরে এবং
“and” conjunction দিয়ে যুক্ত থাকে, তবে
simple sentence এ রূপান্তরিত করার সময়

প্রথম verb এর সাথে
“ing” যোগ করে প্রথম
clause টিকে সংক্ষিপ্ত করা হয় এবং দ্বিতীয়
clause এর

Tense ব্যবহৃত হয় ।

Compound: I went there and met her.

Simple: Going there I met her.

Compound: She will go to the office and
will do the work.

Simple: Going to the office she will do
the work.

Compound: She will go to the theatre and
watch the play.

Simple: Going to the theatre she will
watch the play.

Rule 2:

If the compound sentence has “not
only..….but also”, the simple sentence will use “besides being.”

Compound sentence এ
“not only..….but also” থাকলে, simple sentence এ
“besides being” ব্যবহার করা হবে।

Compound: The girl is not only beautiful
but also intelligent.

Simple: Besides being beautiful the girl
is intelligent.

Compound: She is not only a brilliant student
but also a good singer.

Simple: Besides being a brilliant
student she is a good singer.

Compound: He is not only a good writer
but also an outstanding lecturer.

Simple: Besides being a good writer he
is an outstanding lecturer.

Rule 3:

If the compound sentence has the
conjunction “but” joining the two different clauses, the simple sentence will
use “in spite of” at the beginning following my/his/her according to the
person+ noun form of the adjective of the subordinate clause + main clause.

যদি compound sentence এ
conjunction “but” দিয়ে দুটো ভিন্ন
clause যুক্ত থাকে, তবে
simple sentence এ শুরুতে “in spite of”, এর পরে  person অনুযায়ী my/his/her + subordinate
clause এর
adjective এর
noun form + main clause ব্যবহার করা হবে।

Compound: The book was long but
interesting.

Simple: In spite of being long the book
was interesting.

Compound: He was ill, but he came for
rehearsal.

Simple: In spite of his illness he came
for rehearsal.

Rule 4:

If the compound sentence has this
structure, ”the person must do….or/otherwise, the person will not…..”, the
simple sentence will follow this structure, “ person must do….to + the result/outcome
of doing the work.

যদি compound sentence এই
structure follow করে, ”person must do….or/otherwise person will
not…..” , তবে
simple sentence এই structure follow করবে, “
person must do….to + কাজটি করার ফলাফল ।

Compound: You must study hard
or/otherwise, you will not get good marks in the exam.

Simple: You must study hard to get good
marks in the exam.

Compound: He must run fast or/otherwise,
he will not win the race.

Simple: He must run fast to win the
race.

Rule 5:

If the compound sentence follows this
structure, ”person must (do)….or/otherwise person will + verb’s simple form…..”
or , ”person must do…...or/otherwise person will be + verb’s past participle
form, the simple sentence will follow this structure, ”person must (do)….to
escape/avoid……”.

যদি compound sentence এই
structure follow করে, ”person must (do)….or/otherwise person will
+ verb এর
simple form…..” or , ”person must do…...or/otherwise person will be + verb এর
past participle form, simple sentence এই structure follow করবে,
”person must (do)….to escape/avoid……” ।

Compound: You must practice hard or/otherwise,
you will lose the game.

Simple: You must practice hard to escape
losing the game.

Compound: He must work hard or/otherwise,
he will be suspended.

Simple: He must work hard to avoid
suspension.

Compound: The thief must run away or/otherwise,
he will be beaten.

Simple: The thief must run away to avoid
being beaten.

Rule 6:

If the compound sentence first states a
cause behind a work, then join the result or outcome with a conjunction “and ”,
the simple sentence will follow this structure, “ Being + adjective (cause)+
main clause.

যদি compound sentence প্রথমে কোনো কাজ করার কারণ উল্লেখ করে, কাজ করার ফলাফলকে
conjunction “and ” দিয়ে যুক্ত করে, তবে
simple sentence এই structure follow করবে, “
Being + adjective (কারণ)+ main clause

Compound: He was guilty, and he ran away.

Simple: Being guilty he ran away.

Compound: He was very happy, and he
started to dance.

Simple: Being so happy he started to
dance.

Rule 7:

If the compound sentence contains the
conjunction “so”/”therefore”  having the
cause before it and the result after it, the simple sentence will have “for”
having the result before it and cause after it.

 যদি
compound sentence এ “so”/”therefore”  থাকে এবংএর আগে কারণ ও পরে কাজ করার ফলাফল থাকে, তবে
simple sentence এ “for” থাকবে এবং এর আগে কোন কাজ করার ফলাফল ও পরে কারণ থাকবে।

Compound: He worked hard, so the boss
praised him.

Compound: He worked hard, and therefore
the boss praised him.

Simple: The boss praised him for his
hard work.

In the above sentence, the result is
“the praising of boss”, and the cause is “his(a person’s) hard work”.

Compound: The singer’s voice is sweet,
so she is very popular among people.

Compound: The singer’s voice is sweet
therefore she is very popular among people.

Simple: The singer is very popular among
people for her sweet voice.

Rule 8:

If the compound sentence has the
conjunction “and” having the result/outcome before it and the cause/reason
after it, the simple sentence will use “to” all other things being the same.

যদি compound sentence এ
conjunction “and” ব্যবহার করে এর আগে কোন কাজ করার ফলাফল

 ও পরে কারণ থাকে, তবে
simple sentence এ “to” ব্যবহার হবে ও বাকি সবকিছু একই থাকবে।

Compound: She came here and met me.

Simple: She came here to meet me.

Simple: She studied hard to get good
marks.

Compound: She studied hard and got good
marks.

Rule 9:

If the compound sentence follows this
structure, “person must not be+ adjective + or/otherwise + person will not
be…….”, the simple sentence will use “In the event of being” in the beginning +
adjective+ main clause.

যদি compound sentence এই
structure follow করে, “person must not be+ adjective +
or/otherwise + person will not be…….”, simple sentence শুরুতে “In
the event of being”+ adjective+ main clause ব্যবহার করবে ।

Compound: You must not be late or/
otherwise you will not be allowed to participate in the meeting.

Simple: In the event of being late you
will not be allowed to participate in the meeting.

Compound: You must not be lazy or/
otherwise you will not be allowed on the team.

Simple: In the event of being lazy you
will not be allowed on the team.