What is an adjective clause?

What is an adjective clause?
An adjective clause (also called  adjectival clause) is a dependent clause which modifies a noun and usually begins with a relative pronoun (which, that, who, whom, whose) or a relative adverb (where, when, why).
Adjectives are describing words. Large, grey, and friendly are all examples of adjectives. In the examples below, these adjectives are used to describe an elephant.
Examples:
·         Students who work hard get good grades. 
The adjective clause who work hard modifies the noun students.
·         The book which you lent me is very interesting. 
The adjective clause which you lent me modifies the noun the book.
·         Leila, whose father is a famous poet, invited me to her birthday party. 
The adjective clause whose father is a famous poet modifies the noun Leila.
·         My grandmother remembers the days when there were no personal computers.
The adjective clause when there were no personal computers modifies the noun the days.
There are two types of adjective clauses:
·         restrictive or defining clauses
·         non-restrictive or non-defining clauses
Restrictive / Defining Clauses
Restrictive (also called defining) clauses give essential information about the noun. These clauses don't require commas.
Examples
·         The man who is standing there is a secret agent.
·         The writer who won the Nobel Prize is from Colombia.
Non-restrictive / non-defining clauses
Non-restrictive (also called non-defining) clauses give extra or non-essential information about the noun. These clauses require commas.
Examples
·         Fast food, which most people love, is not very healthy at all.

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